The FAO Food Price Index was down for the second consecutive month in May, continuing its retreat from the 10-month high it experienced in March. Prices fell as generally ample supplies weighed on international prices for most commodities included in the Index.
Meanwhile, a companion monthly report, the FAO Cereal Supply and Demand Brief, shows the outlook for the global cereal supply in the 2014/15 marketing season has improved considerably since the previous report in May.
The Food Price Index, based on the prices of a basket of internationally-traded food commodities, averaged 207.8 points in May 2014, down 2.5 points (or 1.2 percent) from April, and nearly 7 points, or 3.2 percent, below the May 2013 level.
The Index had risen to a ten-month high of 213 points in March, but fell in April and May amid lower dairy, cereal and vegetable oil prices. Sugar prices went against the trend, making strong gains in May, while meat remained firm.
The FAO Cereal Price Index averaged 204.4 points in May, down 2.4 points (or 1.2 percent) from April and 30 points (or 13 percent) below last year. The decline in May was mostly triggered by maize prices, which fell in response to favourable growing conditions and good supply prospects in 2014/15. Wheat prices, which had contributed to price increases in previous months, partly amid fears of disruptions to trade flows from Ukraine, also fell, while rice prices saw little change.
"We went into May with concerns over unfavourable weather conditions, especially in the US, and geopolitical tensions in the Black Sea region, but towards the second half of May, we began to see lower wheat prices following improved weather conditions and the continuation of regular shipping patterns from the Ukraine," said FAO Senior Economist Abdolreza Abbassian.
Vegetable oils averaged 195.3 points in May, down 3.7 points (or 1.8 percent) from April, reflecting lower quotations of palm, soy and rapeseed oils.
Following a period of limited export supplies and exceptionally high prices in 2013 and early 2014, the market for dairy commodities is undergoing some adjustment as the production outlook improves. The FAO Dairy Price Index averaged 238.9 points in May, representing a second sharp monthly fall, and a decline of 12 points (or 5 percent) over April.
Meat prices averaged 189.1 points in May, nearly unchanged from April.
Sugar was up, averaging 259.2 points in May, up 9.3 points (or 3.7 percent), from April, amid early forecasts of a possible production deficit for the 2014/15 season and El Niño-related weather concerns.
FAO Cereal Supply and Demand Brief
FAO's monthly update on the world cereal market, the Cereal Supply and Demand Brief, puts world cereal production in 2014 at nearly 2 480 million tonnes (including rice in milled terms), almost 1 percent (21.5 million tonnes) higher than was reported in May, though still 1.4 percent down from 2013.
Global production of coarse grains stands at 1 274 million tonnes, 18.6 million tonnes higher than reported in May, with most of the upward adjustment reflecting improved outlook for maize crops in the United States and bigger than earlier anticipated maize harvests in Argentina and Brazil.
World wheat production in 2014 is forecast at nearly 703 million tonnes, up marginally from the May forecast, though down from the previous year. Rice production in 2014 is expected to reach about 503 million tonnes (milled basis), 1.9 million more than foreseen last month, and 1.2 percent more than in 2013.
World cereal stocks
The forecast for world cereal stocks by the close of crop seasons ending in 2015 has been raised by almost 10 million tonnes since May, to 576 million tonnes. Based on the latest forecast, the global cereal stocks-to-use ratio could reach a 10-year high of 23.1 percent, up marginally from 2013/14.
See, also, the AMIS Market Monitor report, the monthly synopsis of the major food crops prepared by the G-20 Agricultural Market Information System (AMIS).
